Lenses and Photography Vocabulary

I would use a telephoto lens to capture an object that is very far.I would use a prime lens to take a photo at night, maybe if I'm at  apart with low light. I would use a wide-angle lens to capture a landscape shot, or maybe a big festival like coachella. Depth of Field (shallow and wide)- What is in focus.Light (angle and intensity)- How much light that is in the photo. This can be useful when you're in a dark area, you need more light.Shadows- Where there is no light. Normally you'd want to avoid shadows.

Diffusion- lowering the light.
Exposure- If your photo is too bright or too dark, depending on how it looks.
Aperture (f-stop)- how much light you want to enter through lens, and how much blur will show on the photo.
Shutter speed- How fast you want the lens to open which will determine the amount of light that will enter as well. This works well when you need a photo of something moving, the faster the shutter speed the less movement there will be.
ISO- How much light you need in the photo. If its really sunny outside you can lower the ISO so there won't be much light in your photo, the higher the ISO the more light there will be.